Changes to Periods

Changes to periods are common during perimenopause due to hormonal fluctuations. Symptoms include irregular cycles, heavier or lighter bleeding, skipped periods, and changes in PMS symptoms.

Introduction

Changes to periods are a common symptom during perimenopause, the transitional phase leading up to menopause. These changes occur due to hormonal fluctuations, primarily involving oestrogen and progesterone. As the ovaries gradually produce less oestrogen, the menstrual cycle becomes irregular. Ovulation may become inconsistent, leading to variations in cycle length, flow, and frequency. Once menopause is reached (defined as 12 consecutive months without a period), menstrual periods stop completely.

Hormonal imbalances can also affect the thickness of the uterine lining, causing heavier or lighter bleeding.

Our Adviser

Dr Ioannis Liakas

As an award-winning aesthetician, he has appeared on TV and in print to educate consumers on safety and the latest medical innovations. Among his growing list of accomplishments, he is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (FRCP), an Honorary Senior Lecturer at Queen Mary Medical School, and a Member of the British College of Aesthetic Medicine.

Find Out More

What Are the Typical Signs?

Changes to periods during perimenopause can vary widely among women but often include:

  • Irregular cycles: Periods may become shorter, longer, or more unpredictable.
  • Heavier or lighter bleeding: Some women experience very heavy bleeding, while others have light or spotty periods.
  • Skipped periods: It is common to miss periods for months and then have them return.
  • Changes in duration: Periods may last longer or be shorter than usual.
  • Spotting between periods: Some women experience spotting or light bleeding between cycles.
  • Changes in PMS symptoms: Symptoms such as mood swings, bloating, or breast tenderness may become more pronounced or less noticeable.
about

Tips on How to Manage the Symptoms or Reduce Discomfort

Lifestyle Tips:

  1. Track Your Cycle: Use a calendar or a period-tracking app to monitor changes and share this information with your healthcare provider if needed.
  2. Stay Active: Regular exercise can help manage weight, improve mood, and reduce bloating and cramping associated with menstruation.
  3. Maintain a Balanced Diet: Eating nutrient-rich foods, such as leafy greens, lean proteins, and healthy fats, can help stabilize hormones and reduce period-related symptoms.
  4. Manage Stress: Techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing can help balance hormone levels and alleviate PMS symptoms.
  5. Stay Hydrated: Drinking enough water can help reduce bloating and discomfort during periods.
  6. Use Heat Therapy: A warm heating pad can help alleviate menstrual cramps.

Medical Management:

  • Hormonal Birth Control: This can help regulate periods and reduce heavy bleeding. Discuss options with your healthcare provider.
  • Over-the-Counter Pain Relief: Medications like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help alleviate cramps and pain.
  • Iron Supplements: If heavy bleeding leads to anemia, an iron supplement may be recommended.
about

Diagnostic Tests:

  • Pelvic Exam: To check for abnormalities.
  • Ultrasound: To examine the uterus and ovaries.
  • Hormone Level Tests: To determine if you are in perimenopause.
  • Endometrial Biopsy: To rule out conditions like endometrial hyperplasia or cancer.

Conclusion

Changes to periods are a normal part of the perimenopausal transition, caused by hormonal fluctuations. While irregular cycles and variations in flow are common, it is important to monitor your symptoms and seek medical advice if anything seems concerning. Simple lifestyle changes and medical treatments can help manage symptoms and improve comfort during this time.

Changes to Periods FAQ's

Period changes can last anywhere from a few months to several years, typically throughout the duration of perimenopause, which can last 4-10 years. Once menopause is reached, periods stop completely.

Occasional heavy bleeding can be normal due to hormonal fluctuations, but consistently heavy or very frequent bleeding should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to rule out underlying conditions.

Yes, pregnancy is still possible until you have gone 12 consecutive months without a period. If you do not wish to become pregnant, continue using contraception until menopause is confirmed.