Vulval Pain/Itching

Dr Shirin Lakhani

Adviser: Dr Shirin Lakhani

Vulval Pain/Itching Image

Introduction

Vulval pain and itching are common symptoms during menopause, primarily due to hormonal changes, specifically the decline in oestrogen. Oestrogen helps keep the vulval and vaginal tissues healthy, moist, and elastic. When oestrogen levels drop, these tissues can become thinner, drier, and more fragile, leading to discomfort, itching, and irritation. This condition is often referred to as vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) or genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM).

Other factors, such as infections, skin conditions (like lichen sclerosus), allergic reactions to soaps or detergents, and friction from tight clothing, can also contribute to vulval pain or itching.

Signs

Tips on How to Manage or Reduce Symptoms

Lifestyle Tips:

  1. Prioritize Sleep: Practice good sleep hygiene by establishing a regular bedtime routine, avoiding screens before bed, and creating a comfortable, dark, and cool sleep environment.
  2. Stay Active: Engage in regular physical activity, such as walking, swimming, or yoga, to boost energy levels and improve overall well-being. Exercise can also help regulate sleep patterns.
  3. Balanced Diet: Eat nutrient-dense foods, including whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and plenty of fruits and vegetables. Avoid sugary snacks and refined carbs that can lead to energy crashes.
  4. Stay Hydrated: Dehydration can contribute to fatigue, so drink plenty of water throughout the day.
  5. Manage Stress: Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or mindfulness to reduce stress and prevent energy depletion.
  6. Break Up Tasks: If you feel overwhelmed, break large tasks into smaller, manageable steps and take short breaks to recharge.

Tips

Treatment Options:

  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): HRT may help improve energy levels by stabilizing hormone fluctuations. Discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider.
  • Medications: If fatigue is linked to an underlying condition, your doctor may prescribe appropriate medication.
  • Counselling or Therapy: Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) may help manage stress, anxiety, or other emotional factors affecting energy levels.

Treatment

Conclusion

Loss of energy and fatigue are common but manageable symptoms of menopause. Hormonal changes, sleep disturbances, and lifestyle factors can all contribute to feeling tired. By prioritizing sleep, maintaining an active lifestyle, eating a balanced diet, and managing stress, many women find relief. If fatigue becomes severe or persistent, seeking professional guidance can help identify effective treatment options.

Conclusion

Why Do Mood Swings Happen During Menopause?

Mood swings are a common symptom during menopause and perimenopause, caused by hormonal fluctuations, particularly the decline in oestrogen and progesterone. These hormones play a significant role in regulating mood and emotions by influencing neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine. As hormone levels fluctuate, so does the regulation of mood, leading to sudden changes in emotional states.

Other factors contributing to mood swings include sleep disturbances, night sweats, fatigue, and the stress of dealing with physical and emotional changes during menopause. Psychological factors, such as anxiety about aging or lifestyle changes, can also play a role.

FAQ's

Yes, it is common due to hormonal changes that cause tissue thinning and dryness. However, symptoms should not be ignored, especially if they interfere with your quality of life.

Some over-the-counter moisturizers and lubricants can help, but it is important to avoid using products with fragrances or harsh chemicals. Consult a healthcare provider for the best options.

Vaginal oestrogen therapy can be effective in relieving symptoms by restoring moisture and elasticity to the tissues. Discuss with your healthcare provider to determine if it is suitable for you.